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As of this writing, Linux has a 2.68% share of the global desktop market, but more than 90% of all cloud infrastructure and hosting services run on this operating system. For this reason alone, it is very important to know popular Linux commands.
What Is -p In Linux
According to a StackOverflow survey based on 2020, Linux is the most used operating system by professional developers, with an impressive 55.9% market share. It’s not just a coincidence. Linux is free and open source, has better security than its competitors, and boasts a powerful command line that makes developers and power users more efficient. You also have access to a powerful package manager and many development tools like dev.
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A Linux command is a program or programs that run on the command line. A command line is an interface that accepts strings of text and processes them into computer instructions.
Any graphical user interface (GUI) is just an abstraction of command-line programs. For example, when you click “X” to close a window, a command is executed behind that action.
Flags are a way we can pass options to commands you run. Most Linux commands have a help page that we can call with a flag
An argument or parameter is the input we give to a command to make it work properly. In most cases, the argument is a file path, but it can be anything you type in the terminal.
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Before moving on to the most used Linux commands, don’t forget to open a terminal. In most Linux distributions you will use
Now let’s dive into the 40 most used Linux commands. Most of them have multiple options that you can enter, so check out the command guide.
Probably the first command every Linux user types into their terminal. This allows you to list the contents of the desired directory (the current directory by default), including files and other nested directories.
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Command allows you to define temporary aliases in your shell session. When creating an alias, you tell your shell to replace the word with a series of commands.
If you want to list all aliases in your shell session, you can run
The command stands for “print working directory” and outputs the absolute path of the directory you are in. For example, if your username is “John” and you are in the Documents directory, the absolute path would be:
. It stands for “change directory” and, as the name suggests, switches you to the directory you’re trying to access.
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For example, if you’re in your Documents directory and trying to access a subfolder called Videos, you can enter it by typing:
1. Go to main folder 2. Go up one level 3. Go back to previous directory 6. cp command
Copying files and folders in the Linux terminal is so easy that it can sometimes replace regular file managers.
Commands to delete files and directories. However, be careful when using it, as it is very difficult (but not impossible) to recover files deleted this way.
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On the other hand, to remove a directory with its contents, you must use force (-f) and the recursion flag:
Be careful – misuse of these two flags can wipe out your entire career!
Command allows you to quickly change the mode (permission) of a file. There are many possibilities with this.
The tag itself isn’t a command, but it’s worth mentioning in this list. This allows your shell to run an executable directly from the terminal with any interpreter installed on your system. No more double-clicking a file in a graphical file manager!
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For example, you can use this command to run a Python script or an application available only in .run format, such as XAMPP. When running the executable, make sure it has executable (x) permissions, which you can change using
The command does exactly what its name suggests: it lets you end a shell session and, in most cases, automatically closes the terminal you’re using:
This command stands for “superuser do” and allows you to act as a superuser or root user when you run a specific command. This is how Linux protects itself and prevents users from accidentally modifying the device’s file system or installing invalid packages.
Command allows you to disable the device. However, it can also be used to suspend and resume.
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An interactive process viewer that lets you manage device resources directly from the terminal. In most cases, it is not install d by default, so be sure to read more about it on the download page.
The unzip command allows you to extract the contents of a .zip file from the terminal. Again, this package may not be installed by default, so make sure you install it using your package manager.
Regardless of the Linux distribution you use, chances are you use a package manager to install, update, and uninstall the software you use every day.
You can access these package managers from the command line, and depending on the distribution your computer is running, you’ll use one or the other.
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The following examples will install GIMP, a free and open source software commonly found in most package managers:
1. Debian based (Ubuntu, Linux Mint) 2. Red Hat based (Fedora, Cents) 3. Arch based (Manjaro, Arco Linux) 20. Echo Command
, short for “merge”, lets you create, view, and merge files directly from the terminal This is basically used to view a file without opening a graphical text editor:
, you can see the processes running in the current shell session. It prints essential information about your running program, such as process ID, TTY (TeleTYpewriter), time, and command name.
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There are many options, but most often you’ll use this to request a domain or IP address:
A free, open source terminal text editor that has been around since the 90s. It allows you to edit plain text files using efficient key combinations.
Some people find it difficult to use — exiting Vim is one of the most frequently asked questions on StackOverflow — but once you get used to it, it becomes your best ally on the command line.
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Allows you to change passwords for user accounts. It will first prompt you for your current password, then ask you to enter and confirm a new password.
It’s like any other password changer you’ve seen elsewhere, but in this case it’s right in your terminal:
Command outputs the entire shell command path. If it doesn’t recognize the specified command, it will throw an error.
For example, we can use this to check the binary path of Python and the Brave web browser:
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Can help in this task. This command repeatedly ignores the contents of the file, making it very difficult to recover the given file.
Prints the contents of the file with one important caveat: it outputs only the last lines. By default it prints the last 10 lines, but you can change this number using
Outputs the first 10 lines of a text file, but you can set it to display using any line you want
Grep is one of the most powerful utilities for working with text files. It searches for strings that match the regular expression and prints them:
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Wc stands for “word count” and, as the name suggests, returns the number of words in a text file:
(short for “Unix name”) prints operating system information, which is useful when knowing your current version of Linux.
Neofetch is a CLI (Command Line Interface) tool that displays information about your system such as kernel version, shell, and hardware next to the ASCII logo of your Linux distribution:
This command is not available by default on most machines, so install it first using your package manager.
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The command searches for files in a directory sequence based on a regex expression. To use it, follow the syntax below:
(World Wide Web Gate) A program for retrieving content from the Internet. It has the largest collection of flags.
Linux was the most used operating system by professional developers as of 2020 😲 Learn the 40 most used commands and start taking advantage of this powerful system with this post🚀 Click to Tweet
Linux may take some time to learn, but once you master some of its tools, it will become your best ally and you won’t regret choosing it as your daily driver.
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One of the great things about Linux is that if you’re an advanced user, you never stop learning to be more productive.
There are many more useful Linux commands. If we’ve left something out, please share your favorite Linux commands in the comments below!
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